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California DMV · Moving Out of State

Moving Out of California: DMV Checklist — License, Registration & Plates (2026)

California has no exit form and no “cancel my registration” button for leaving the state — but it does have a procedure, and ignoring it can follow you into collections. Close your California record in three moves: report your new address within 10 days, register the car in your new state, then mail back any California renewal notice with the date the car left. This guide covers the license, the plates, the insurance trap, the car you leave behind, and the narrow refund window — with every deadline verified on an official source.

Verified against dmv.ca.gov
Independent guide
12 FAQs answered
3
Steps to close your California record: report your new address, register in the new state, mail back the renewal notice
10 days
To report your new address to the California DMV (Vehicle Code §14600)
$28
PNO filing fee if the car stays behind in California (DMV Appendix 1F)
5 days
To file the REG 138 release of liability if you sell before leaving

TL;DR

  • There is no California exit form. You do not surrender your plates, file a cancellation, or visit a DMV office to “leave” California. The DMV’s own renewal-notice page gives the whole procedure in two sentences: write on any renewal notice that you are no longer in California, add the date the vehicle left and the new state, mail it back — and complete an online Change of Address. Your record is updated when the DMV receives the notice.
  • Report your new address within 10 days of moving. Vehicle Code section 14600 (license) and section 4159 (registration) both require it. The DMV warns in bold that ignoring a move-out or a sale “can lead to collection accounts, up to and including wage garnishments or bank levies” — because renewal notices, toll bills, and insurance-suspension notices keep going to your old address.
  • Do not cancel your California insurance first. Cancel the policy before the California record is closed and the DMV can suspend the registration — one mover was ticketed in Nevada for exactly that. Register in the new state first, or file an Affidavit of Non-Use (REG 5090) for a car that stays behind. Insurance is the LAST thing you cancel, not the first.
  • Keep your California license until the new state issues yours. California law allows only one driver’s license (Vehicle Code section 12511), so the new state takes your California card when it issues the new one — Washington punches a hole in it and hands it back. You do not mail your license to California. Your California REAL ID does not transfer; the new state issues its own.
  • Your new state’s clocks are different from California’s — check them, don’t assume them. Texas gives 90 days for a license but only 30 for the car; Florida gives 30 for the license but only 10 for registration; Arizona gives no grace period at all (“immediately” on residency); Colorado gives 30 for the license and 90 for the car. The nine-state table in section 3 is verified on each state’s official DMV page.
  • Refunds are narrow, PNO is cheap, selling has a 5-day clock. A registration refund is possible only if you paid the renewal and the car left California before the new registration period started (ADM 399, with the card and unused sticker). A car left behind in California goes on Planned Non-Operation for $28 (REG 102) instead of lapsing into penalties. And if you sell before you move, file the Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability (REG 138) within 5 days — it is the single most-skipped form in this whole process.

Last verified against dmv.ca.gov: October 31, 2026

1. The 3-Step Close-Out: How Leaving California Actually Works

Start by unlearning the phrase “cancel my California registration.” California has no cancellation transaction for a move. There is no form titled “leaving California,” no online button, and no office visit that closes your record. What the DMV actually gives you — on its own renewal-notice page, in plain language — is a two-sentence procedure for the car, plus a separate address-change duty for you. Everything in this guide hangs off those three steps.

1
Report your new address to the California DMV within 10 days of moving. Online through the DMV’s Change of Address system, or on paper with a Notice of Change of Address (DMV 14). This is a legal duty under Vehicle Code sections 14600 (your license) and 4159 (your registration) — both say “within 10 days.” Do this first, before anything else, because every notice the DMV sends — renewal, insurance, suspension — goes to the address on file.
2
Register the car in your new state, on that state’s clock. The deadlines are in section 3 and they are not California’s deadlines: Texas gives you 90 days for a license but 30 for the car; Florida gives 30 for the license but 10 for the car; Arizona gives no grace period at all. Get the new plates and the new registration card — you will need them for step 3 and for your new insurance.
3
Mail back any California renewal notice with the date the car left and the new state written on it. The DMV’s exact words: “If you have moved out of California and received a renewal notice, simply write on the notice that you are no longer in California AND write the date that your vehicle moved out of state and mail the notice back to DMV. Your record will be updated when DMV receives the notice.” Use the return address printed on the notice itself. Keep a photo of what you mailed and the date you mailed it.

That is the whole procedure for the common case: you, one car, moving to another state and registering it there. The rest of this guide is for the cases that are not the common one — the car you sell first, the car that stays behind, the insurance you must not cancel too early, the refund you may or may not get, and the leased car. But notice what step 3 implies: the California record closes when the DMV receives your mail-back, not when the new state registers your car. No official source says the new state notifies California for you, and this guide will not tell you to assume it does. The mail-back is cheap, it takes two minutes, and it is the only closing step the DMV itself describes.

One more thing before the detail: the order matters. Address change first, new-state registration second, insurance change last. Reverse the order — cancel the insurance first, or skip the address change — and you create the two most expensive failure modes in this guide: a suspended California registration (section 6) and a renewal notice you never saw because it went to an address you no longer live at. The DMV’s warning on that point is unusually blunt, and it is quoted verbatim in section 2.

Your situationWhat to do with the California recordKey form / deadline
Taking the car with you and registering it in the new stateChange of address within 10 days; register in the new state; mail back any renewal notice with the date left + new stateDMV 14 / online change of address; new-state deadline (section 3)
Selling the car before you leaveFile the Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability; give the buyer a smog certificate; change of address for yourselfREG 138 within 5 days of the sale (Vehicle Code §5602)
Leaving the car in California (stored, family use, or a second car)Either keep it registered and insured in California, or file Planned Non-Operation — do not just let it lapseREG 102 (PNO), $28; file up to 60 days before expiry, or up to 90 days after with a penalty
Leased carCall the lessor first — the lessor holds the title and most leases require permission to move the car out of stateSee Moving a Leased Car Out of California (publishes today)
Active-duty military on PCS ordersDifferent rules: nonresident military may keep home plates under Vehicle Code §6701; VLF exemption via REG 5045See PCS Orders to California

2. Step 1: Change Your Address Within 10 Days — and Why Skipping It Costs Real Money

Two separate California statutes impose the same 10-day duty. Vehicle Code section 14600(a) covers your driver’s license: “Whenever any person after applying for or receiving a driver’s license moves to a new residence, or acquires a new mailing address different from the address shown in the application or in the license as issued, he or she shall within 10 days thereafter notify the department of both the old and new address.” Vehicle Code section 4159 imposes the identical 10-day duty for a vehicle’s registration. Ten days is short — shorter than most moves take to settle — so do it in the first week, not the fourth.

How to do it. The DMV’s renewal-notice page lists two routes: the online Change of Address system on dmv.ca.gov, or a paper Notice of Change of Address (DMV 14). The online route updates both your license record and your vehicle records; the paper form does the same by mail. Either way, keep the confirmation — a screenshot of the online confirmation page, or a copy of the mailed form with the mailing date. If a renewal notice or an insurance notice arrives later and you need to prove when you told the DMV, that confirmation is your evidence. The DMV’s phone line is 1-800-777-0133 if the online system will not accept your new out-of-state address.

Read this warning — it is the DMV’s, not ours. The DMV’s renewal-notice page carries a bold heading: “NO LONGER OWN THIS VEHICLE? MOVED OUT OF STATE? DO NOT IGNORE THIS NOTICE.” Under it: “Failure to notify DMV of these changes can lead to collection accounts, up to and including wage garnishments or bank levies.” That is not boilerplate. An unclosed California record keeps generating renewal notices; unpaid renewals become penalties; penalties become collections. The 10-day address change is the cheapest insurance against all of it, and it costs nothing.

Two different jobs: USPS forwarding is not a DMV change of address. Setting up mail forwarding with the post office does not update the DMV record, and updating the DMV record does not forward your mail. Do both. USPS forwarding catches the letters; the DMV change of address stops the DMV from generating new ones against your old address. And note the practical trap: some DMV mail is not forwardable, so a renewal notice sent to your old California address after you leave may simply never reach you — which is exactly how a registration lapses into penalties while you are living in another state, unaware. The address change is what prevents that.

What if you already moved and never told the DMV? Do it now. Late is better than never: file the change of address today, mail back any renewal notice you have with the date the car left California and the new state written on it, and file a REG 138 immediately if you sold the car (section 7). Then check whether anything has already gone wrong — a suspended registration for lapsed insurance, or a renewal in collections — by calling 1-800-777-0133 or checking the DMV’s online services. Do not assume silence means nothing happened: a notice sent to your old address counts as sent whether or not you saw it.

3. Step 2: Your New State’s Deadlines — Nine States, Verified on Their Official DMV Pages

Here is the fact that makes this page worth bookmarking: your new state’s license deadline and its registration deadline are usually two different numbers, and neither of them is California’s number. California gives new residents 10 days for a license and 20 days for registration — the shortest clocks in the country, and the pair this site has spent the most time correcting (license 10, registration 20, never reversed). Movers who learned those numbers often assume the same pair applies in reverse. It does not. Texas gives you 90 days for a license but only 30 for the car. Florida gives 30 for the license but only 10 for the car. Colorado gives 30 for the license and 90 for the car. Arizona gives no grace period at all.

Every deadline in the table below was verified on the destination state’s official DMV, DPS, DOL, or transportation-department page on October 31, 2026. The rule this site applies — and states openly — is that a state’s deadline is printed only if it was verified on that state’s official page. States not in the table (Utah among them) are not there because the deadline is unknown, not because it is unimportant: check your destination state’s official DMV site before you move, and book the appointment in your first week either way, because in busy areas the first available slot can be weeks out.

Destination stateDriver’s licenseVehicle registrationWhat to know
Texas90 days30 daysRegister the car FIRST: the DPS asks for proof of Texas registration and insurance at the license appointment. Safety inspections for non-commercial vehicles were abolished Jan 1, 2025; emissions inspection still required in 17 counties. $90 new-resident tax or the 6.25% sales-tax difference. Source: Texas DPS / TxDMV.
ArizonaImmediately on establishing residencyImmediately on establishing residencyNo day-count grace period. Residency triggers: working in Arizona, staying 7+ months in a calendar year, registering to vote, enrolling kids in school. The “15 days” figure in circulation is the title-application statute (A.R.S. §28-2051, for purchases) — not the new-resident rule. A 30-day temporary permit is available. Emissions test first in Phoenix/Tucson metros. Source: ADOT.
Nevada30 days30 daysLicense BEFORE registration — the Nevada DMV requires a Nevada license first. Unregistered operation carries a fine of up to $1,000. Source: dmv.nv.gov.
Florida30 days10 daysInsurance FIRST: a Florida policy is required before the car can be registered. Handled by county tax collectors, not a standalone DMV. A $225 initial registration fee applies the first time. Source: FLHSMV.
Oregon30 days30 daysMost valid out-of-state licenses transfer WITHOUT a knowledge or drive test (vision screening only). VIN inspection at the DMV. Source: oregon.gov (ODOT DMV).
Washington30 days30 daysLicense FIRST — you must have a Washington license before you can register. Two separate offices (driver licensing vs vehicle licensing), so plan two trips. The DOL punches a hole in your old license and hands it back; you leave with a 45-day temporary. Source: dol.wa.gov; RCW 46.16A.140.
Colorado30 days90 daysResidency itself requires 90 consecutive days, employment, or a business in Colorado — the deadlines run from establishing residency. VIN verification and (in emissions counties) an emissions test come before registration. Minimum liability: 25/50/15. Source: dmv.colorado.gov.
Idaho30 days30 daysVIN inspection at the DMV when you title and register; bring the current title and registration. Minimum liability: 25/50/15. One county FAQ online says 90 days for both — the state Transportation Department page governs, and this page prints the state’s numbers. Source: itd.idaho.gov.
New York30 days30 daysNew York is the mirror image of California on plates: it REQUIRES you to surrender your registration and plates to the NY DMV when you leave the state — see the contrast box in section 5. A 10-day inspection-extension sticker is issued with new plates. Source: dmv.ny.gov.

The order of operations differs by state, and it matters. In Texas, Nevada, and Washington, you register the car (or at least prove registration) before or as part of getting the license — show up for the license appointment without the registration and you will be turned away. In Florida, insurance comes before registration, and registration comes before the license appointment (your Florida registration doubles as proof of residency). In Oregon and Idaho, the two are separate visits but the same 30-day clock. The practical rule: handle the car first in Texas, Nevada, Washington, and Florida; handle both in parallel everywhere else. And in every state, bring the same documents California asked for when you arrived: the out-of-state title, current registration, proof of insurance in the new state, and proof of the new address.

What the new state does with your California title and plates. When you title the car in the new state, you surrender the California title — the new state keeps it and issues its own. Arizona states this expressly (“your out-of-state title and registration must be surrendered at the time of application”), and the practice is the same everywhere. The new state usually collects the California plates too (Colorado’s own guidance says you can surrender old plates at the county office or to your former jurisdiction). That is the new state’s process, not California’s — California never asked for the plates back. If you want to keep a California plate as a souvenir, ask at the counter before you hand it over; personalized plates are the ones worth keeping, and section 5 explains the retention fee.

The mirror-image lesson. Moving to California, the clocks are 10 days for a license and 20 days for registration — the tightest in the country, and the pair most of the internet gets backwards. Moving out, every state in the table above is more generous than California except Arizona (immediately) and Florida’s 10-day registration. If a moving guide, a forum post, or a well-meaning relative tells you “it’s 10 and 20 everywhere,” that is the California rule misremembered as a national one. Check the table, then check the official site.

4. Your License: Keep It, Then Surrender It at the New Counter

The question every mover asks — “do I have to give my California license back?” — has a short answer and a slightly longer explanation. The short answer: no, you do not mail it to California, and you do not surrender it before you leave. The longer explanation is the one-license rule, and it is worth understanding because it explains what actually happens at the new state’s counter.

One license only. Vehicle Code section 12511 states it in a single sentence: “No person shall have in his or her possession or otherwise under his or her control more than one driver’s license.” That is California’s version of a rule every state has. It is why the new state takes your California card when it issues the new one — and why Vehicle Code section 12805(a)(6) says the DMV “shall not issue” a license to a person who holds a valid license issued by a foreign jurisdiction “unless the license has been surrendered to the department, or is lost or destroyed.” Surrender is part of issuance, not a separate errand. You walk into the new state’s office with your California license; you walk out with a new-state license and, in most states, a hole punched in the old card or the old card retained.

Washington shows the mechanics. The Washington Department of Licensing describes it plainly: “Before you leave the licensing office, we’ll punch a hole in your out-of-state driver license or ID card and return it to you. You’ll get a temporary license that allows you to drive for 45 days.” The punched card is a souvenir and a record, not a license. Other states keep the card; the result is the same either way. The point for your planning is that you need the California license in hand at the appointment — it is both your identification and the document being surrendered — so do not destroy it, lose it, or mail it anywhere before then.

What if your California license is expired, suspended, or lost? An expired license still transfers in most states if it expired recently (the exact window varies — Texas treats a license expired more than two years as non-transferable, and Oregon requires testing if it has been expired more than a year). A suspended California license is a different problem: the new state checks nationally, and a hold in California will stop the transfer until it is cleared. A lost license is the easiest case — tell the new state it is lost or destroyed, which is the exception section 12805(a)(6) itself names. If any of these apply to you, clear the California issue before the move, not after: our license-status guide explains how to check for holds.

Your California REAL ID does not transfer. A REAL ID is a state-issued credential, and the new state issues its own. You will go through that state’s document check again — proof of identity, Social Security number, and two proofs of the new address — and you will leave with that state’s REAL ID or standard license, whichever you choose. Your California REAL ID card remains valid identification (for example, at the airport) until it expires, but it is not a license once the new state has issued yours, and it does not let you skip the new state’s document check. Bring the same folder of originals you brought to the California DMV: birth certificate or passport, Social Security card or W-2, and two proofs of the new address.

Tests: usually none, sometimes one. With a valid, unexpired California license, most states waive the knowledge and drive tests and check only your vision — Oregon states this expressly for transfers from any U.S. state. The exceptions are the usual ones: an expired license, a license from another country, or a state that tests everyone (check the new state’s page). California’s own arrival rule is the strict one here — new California residents must take the knowledge test — so movers leaving California are usually pleasantly surprised by how light the new state’s process is. Do not assume, though: confirm on the new state’s official page before you book.

5. Your Plates: California Does Not Want Them Back

This is the section where the most confident wrong advice lives. You will read, on moving blogs and forums, that you “must return your license plates” when you leave California, or that returning them is “required” when you sell. Both claims are false for California. The DMV’s moving-out procedure — quoted verbatim in section 1 — never mentions plates at all. There is no plate-return form, no plate-return address, and no penalty for keeping them. The only time plates enter a California move-out transaction is in the refund paperwork (section 9), where the ADM 399 instructions ask for the plates “if applicable” as supporting evidence — and even there, a Statement of Facts (REG 256) can explain why they cannot be returned.

What actually happens to the plates. In practice, the new state collects them when you register there — Arizona requires surrender of the out-of-state title and registration at application, Colorado’s guidance says you can surrender old plates at the county office or to your former jurisdiction, and the other states follow the same pattern. So the plates usually leave your hands at the new state’s counter, not at a California post office. If you would rather keep a California plate — a personalized plate with meaning, or just the plate the car wore for years — ask at the counter before you hand it over. In most states the clerk will let you keep it once the new plates are issued; in a few, surrender is mandatory. Ask first, hand over second.

New York is the opposite — and the confusion is constant. The New York DMV’s own page, “Moving to or from New York State,” says: “If you want to register your vehicle in another state, you must surrender your vehicle registration and plates to the New York DMV. You must surrender your vehicle registration and plates to the DMV before the New York State liability insurance is canceled.” New York also warns that if you replace your New York insurance before surrendering the plates, your coverage lapses, the DMV will suspend your registration, and it “will take action against your New York State registration and driver license even if you move out of New York.” Readers moving California-to-New York, or New York-to-California, mix these two rules up constantly. California: no surrender. New York: surrender required. If your move involves New York in either direction, follow the New York rule for the New York side.

Personalized and special-interest plates: keep them, but pay the retention fee. If your plate is a personalized or special-interest design (Environmental, Whale Tail, Collegiate, Veterans, Legacy), the configuration is yours to keep for future assignment — but the DMV’s renewal-notice page carries a warning most owners miss: “An annual retention fee for your ELP or special interest license plate may be required even if you do not register the vehicle (i.e., vehicle on PNO), or if you sold the vehicle and are keeping the plates for future assignment. Failure to pay the retention fee will result in plate cancellation and your plate configuration will be available for others to order.” In other words, the plate you designed can be lost by inattention while you are living in another state. If the configuration matters to you, keep the retention fee paid — the amount is on your renewal notice — or accept that someone else may order it.

And on a sale inside California, the plates stay with the car. Standard California plates are assigned to the vehicle, not the owner: when you sell privately in California, the plates go with the car to the buyer (personalized plates are the exception — the seller keeps those). That is why the “return your plates when you sell” advice is wrong twice over: there is nothing to return, and the buyer needs the plates to register. The form that matters on a sale is the REG 138, covered in section 7.

6. Insurance: Cancel LAST — the Suspension Trap

If this guide has one section to read twice, it is this one. The most expensive mistake a California mover makes is not a missed deadline or a forgotten form. It is cancelling the California insurance policy on moving day, weeks before the California record is closed — and then discovering, by mail, that the California DMV has suspended the registration.

Why it happens. California requires continuous liability insurance on every registered vehicle (Vehicle Code sections 4000.37, 16020, 16028, and 16056). Your insurer reports cancellations to the DMV electronically. When the DMV sees a registered vehicle with no insurance, it mails a notice demanding proof — and if no proof arrives, it suspends the registration. The suspension is not theoretical: a mover in a verified JustAnswer case was ticketed in Nevada after cancelling California insurance before re-registering, because the car was still California-registered and uninsured in California’s system. The sequence that creates the trap is ordinary — move, cancel the old policy, buy the new policy, register in the new state — but the order is wrong. The California record must be closed before the California policy ends, or the DMV must be told the car is not being used.

The correct order. Buy the new state’s policy first. Register the car in the new state. Mail back the California renewal notice (step 3). Then cancel the California policy — and tell your California insurer the date the car was registered in the new state, so the cancellation is backdated correctly and any unearned premium is refunded. The DMV’s own system gives you a cushion for a clean switch: “If the new insurance information is received by DMV within 45 days of the cancellation of the first policy, a notice will not be sent.” A clean insurer-to-insurer switch inside 45 days never triggers a notice. A bare cancellation with no replacement policy does.

The off-ramp for a car that stays behind: the Affidavit of Non-Use (REG 5090). If the car is staying in California — stored, or simply not being driven — and you want to cancel its insurance, the DMV’s Affidavit of Non-Use page gives you the tool: “If your vehicle is currently registered and you decide not to use it, you must maintain insurance or notify DMV that you will not be using it by completing an Affidavit of Non-Use (REG 5090). Upon receipt of a REG 5090, DMV will cancel the registration. The vehicle cannot be driven or parked on California streets, roads, or highway until proof of insurance is received by the department. A reinstatement fee is not due when the registration is cancelled.” Three conditions from the form itself: the vehicle must be currently registered (a valid tag on the plate); the form must reach the DMV before the suspension date (it is not accepted if the registration is already suspended); and it is not accepted if the registration expires within 75 days of submission — in that window, file a PNO instead (section 8). Filed online, you must allow 3 business days before you can remove an ANU. And the page adds the reassurance that matters: “Vehicles with a PNO or ANU on record are not subject to suspension.”

The NRL shield. If you sold the car before leaving, the REG 138 (section 7) protects you a second way: “A notice requesting insurance will not be sent if the vehicle record shows that a Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability is on file.” File the REG 138 within 5 days of the sale and the insurance-notice machinery stops for that vehicle. A missing or illegible REG 138 is, in the DMV’s own words, the usual reason renewal notices keep coming — and insurance notices follow the same record.

New-state minimums are different — buy the right limits. California’s minimums are 30/60/15 (bodily injury $30,000 per person / $60,000 per accident, property damage $15,000) since SB 1107 took effect on January 1, 2025. The old 15/30/5 figures are still printed all over the internet — including on pages about moving — and they are wrong. Your new state’s minimums are its own: Florida requires $10,000 in Personal Injury Protection and $10,000 in Property Damage Liability (FLHSMV); Texas requires 30/60/25; Colorado and Idaho both require 25/50/15. Do not carry California limits into the new state on assumption, and do not assume the new state’s minimums are enough for you — minimums are a legal floor, not a recommendation, and most movers buy above them. Tell your insurer the move date and the new garaging address the day you move; a policy priced for a California garage does not automatically cover a car garaged in another state.

7. Selling Before You Leave: the 5-Day Form Everyone Forgets

If you are selling the car rather than taking it with you, the move-out checklist gets shorter in one way and stricter in another. Shorter, because a sold car needs no new-state registration from you and no PNO. Stricter, because California gives you exactly five days to file the one form that ends your liability — and the DMV says a missing or illegible copy of that form is the usual reason renewal notices keep arriving after a sale.

The Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability (REG 138) — within 5 days. Vehicle Code section 5602 requires the seller to file a REG 138 within five days of selling, giving away, donating, or otherwise disposing of a vehicle. The DMV’s renewal-notice page states it twice over: “You must submit a Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability (NRL) for the vehicle record to be updated. A NRL must be submitted within five (5) days from the date you sell, give away, donate, or otherwise dispose of a vehicle.” It applies even when the buyer lives out of state — selling to an out-of-state buyer does not exempt you. File it online on dmv.ca.gov the day of the sale, not the day you move; the 5-day clock runs from the sale date, and the moving truck does not pause it. Keep the confirmation. And remember the insurance shield from section 6: “A notice requesting insurance will not be sent if the vehicle record shows that a Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability is on file.” The REG 138 is what stops both the renewal notices and the insurance notices.

The seller’s smog certificate. In a private-party California sale, the seller provides the smog certificate (Vehicle Code section 4000.1), with statutory exceptions for transfers to family members and a few other cases. The certificate is valid for 90 days. If you sell before you move, get the smog check done before the sale — the buyer cannot register the car without a valid certificate, and a buyer who cannot register is a buyer who comes back to you. Our sell-your-car guide walks through the full private-party process, and title transfer covers the REG 262 bill of sale and odometer statement. Two timing notes: the buyer has 10 days to transfer the title, with penalties after 30 days; and the smog certificate you hand over must still be within its 90-day validity on the day the buyer registers.

Plates stay with the car; the title goes to the buyer. Standard California plates are assigned to the vehicle — the buyer keeps them (personalized plates are the exception, and the seller keeps those; see section 5). Sign the title over, complete the REG 262, file the REG 138, and hand the buyer the smog certificate. That is the whole sale. What you must not do is what sellers do most often: hand over the keys, take the money, and “file the form later.” Later is when the parking tickets, tolls, and renewal notices start arriving in your name — and the REG 138 filed after the fact does not retroactively erase the ones already issued.

Donating or giving the car away counts as a sale for this purpose. The 5-day REG 138 duty covers selling, giving away, donating, or “otherwise disposing” of a vehicle. A donated car with no REG 138 on file is still your car in the DMV’s system, with the same renewal and liability consequences. File the form with the charity’s name and address as the buyer.

8. The Car Stays Behind: PNO for $28 Beats Letting It Lapse

Not every car leaves with you. Sometimes the second car stays in the garage, sometimes a car stays with family, sometimes the plan is “I’ll come back for it.” California gives you two lawful options for a car that stays behind and will not be driven, and one unlawful default. The default — doing nothing and letting the registration lapse — is the expensive one.

Option 1: keep it registered and insured. If someone will drive the car in California, or if you will be back for it within the registration year, renew it and keep California insurance on it. The registration and the insurance rule stay in force exactly as before — the car is still a California car, and the change-of-address duty (section 2) still applies to you. This is the right option for a car a family member will actually use.

Option 2: Planned Non-Operation (PNO) — REG 102, $28. If the car will not be driven, towed, stored, or parked on any public road for the entire registration year, file a Planned Non-Operation certification under penalty of perjury (Vehicle Code section 4604, form REG 102). The filing fee is $28 — verified on the DMV’s own Appendix 1F fee schedule, which lists “Planned Nonoperation (PNO) (all vehicles/OHV) (VC §4604) | Fee $28.” The DMV’s manual gives the filing windows precisely: a PNO may be filed up to 60 days before the current registration expiration date; it must be filed by midnight of the expiration date to avoid a penalty; and it may be filed up to 90 days after the expiration date if the vehicle has not been operated in any manner — but the PNO penalty is then due. After 90 days, PNO is no longer an option at all, and full registration fees plus all accumulated penalties become due. PNO is not a one-time filing: it covers one registration year, and you must refile (and pay again) before each expiration date to stay on PNO. You are responsible for filing on time even if no billing notice arrives.

When you file PNOWhat you payCondition
Up to 60 days before expiration, or by midnight of the expiration date$28 filing fee onlyVehicle not operated on any public road for the whole registration year
1–90 days after expiration$28 + late penalty (a percentage of that year’s vehicle license fee plus flat late fees)Vehicle must not have been operated at all during the gap
More than 90 days after expirationFull registration fees + all accumulated penalties — PNO no longer available—

A PNO car cannot be driven — including to your new state. If a vehicle with PNO status is operated, parked, towed, or left standing on a public street or highway, it may be cited or impounded and full fees and penalties for the year become due immediately. The DMV’s own page says: “Contact DMV before moving your PNO vehicle; a moving permit may be issued for certain purposes.” That permit is the Vehicle Moving Permit (REG 172), a one-day permit issued at a DMV office. Do not drive a PNO car to the new state on the theory that you are “leaving anyway” — the drive itself is the violation. Either register the car first, or get the moving permit, or ship it.

PNO vs the Affidavit of Non-Use — do not confuse them. PNO (REG 102) is filed around the renewal cycle, costs $28, and covers a full registration year. The Affidavit of Non-Use (REG 5090, section 6) is for cancelling insurance mid-year on a currently registered car, costs nothing to file, and is not accepted if the registration expires within 75 days of submission — in that window, file a PNO instead. Both end the insurance obligation; only PNO is tied to the renewal cycle. If you are unsure which one fits, the deciding question is the calendar: near a renewal date, PNO; mid-year with months of registration left, ANU.

9. Refunds: the Narrow ADM 399 Window (and Why Most Movers Get Nothing)

Every mover who paid a renewal shortly before leaving asks the same question: can I get the unused registration back? The honest answer is usually no — but the exception is real, narrow, and worth knowing exactly, because the DMV’s own manual spells it out in a way no competitor page quotes.

The rule, from the DMV’s Vehicle Industry Registration Procedures Manual, section 26.045 (Vehicle Code section 4604). “A refund of renewal fees may be considered when renewal fees are paid, but the vehicle is not used because it is no longer located in California.” Then the manual draws the line that decides almost every case: a refund “is not due for a vehicle that left California during the registration period for which renewal fees were paid” — but it “may be issued for a vehicle that left California before the effective date of the registration period for which renewal fees were paid.” In plain English: if you paid the renewal early and the car left California before the new registration year started, you may get that renewal back. If the car left during the year you already paid for — the usual case, a move in March on a registration that runs to next January — there is no refund. The state does not pro-rate a registration year you have already started using.

SituationRefund?Why
Paid the renewal early; car left California before the new registration period startedMay qualify — file ADM 399DMV Manual §26.045: refund “may be issued” for a vehicle that left before the effective date of the period paid for
Car left California during the registration period already paid forNoManual §26.045: refund “is not due” for a vehicle that left during the period
Fees paid before you sold the vehicleNoADM 399 instructions: DMV will not honour refund requests for registration fees paid prior to the sale
Vehicle was operated after the new registration year began, or wrecked after fees became dueNoADM 399 instructions
Vehicle was out of state when originally registered in CaliforniaNoManual §26.045 (Vehicle Code §4152)
Request filed more than 3 years after the DMV received paymentNoADM 399 instructions (Vehicle Code §9800)

What to submit, if you qualify. An Application for Refund (ADM 399) showing the date the vehicle left California, plus the registration card and the unused sticker — the manual warns that “if these items are not submitted with the ADM 399, the refund may be refused.” In practice the DMV also wants proof the vehicle was registered in the other state before the California registration expired, such as the new state’s current registration. If the card, sticker, or plates cannot be returned, a Statement of Facts (REG 256) explaining why can substitute. The DMV decides each request on its own facts, and this guide prints no refund dollar figure anywhere — there is no fee schedule for refunds, and any page that quotes one is inventing it. File the ADM 399 as soon as the new-state registration is in hand; do not wait for the renewal notice to arrive.

Two things that are not refundable. A smog certificate you already paid for is a service already performed — there is no DMV refund path for it. And a registration year you already drove on is used, not unused, however many months are left in it. Both facts disappoint movers; both are worth stating plainly rather than letting a reader file an ADM 399 that the manual says will be refused.

10. The Rest of the Checklist: Voter Registration, Tolls, Mail, Leased Cars, Military

The DMV is the hard part of leaving California. The rest is administration, but it is administration with deadlines of its own — and the same principle applies: the record that is not updated keeps generating consequences.

Voter registration. Register to vote in your new state, and cancel your California registration through the California Secretary of State. This matters more than it looks: California’s Motor Voter law automatically registers eligible customers who complete a license or change-of-address transaction unless they opt out, so the California rolls may hold you as a voter long after you leave. A cancelled California registration and a fresh registration in the new state is the clean pair; being registered in two states is the kind of record problem that surfaces at the worst time.

FasTrak, tolls, and tickets. Update or close your FasTrak account and remove the California plate from it — a transponder or plate left on an account you no longer check will keep charging. Pay any outstanding tolls and parking tickets before you leave. Unpaid tickets do not stay in California; they follow the owner through collections, and the DMV’s own warning about collections, wage garnishments, and bank levies (section 2) applies to unpaid DMV-adjacent balances too. If a ticket arrives after you move, pay it or contest it — do not ignore it because the address is old.

Mail. Set up USPS mail forwarding and do the DMV change of address (section 2). They are two different jobs: forwarding catches the letters, the DMV change stops the DMV from generating new ones against the old address. Give the post office your new address before the truck leaves, and give the DMV the same address within 10 days.

Leased car: call the lessor before anything else. The lessor holds the title, and most lease agreements require the lessor’s permission to move the car out of state — and the new state needs the lessor’s cooperation to title and register it. Do not assume the lease travels with you. The full treatment, including the out-of-state title and lienholder mechanics, is on Moving a Leased Car Out of California, which publishes later today.

Active-duty military: different rules apply. Nonresident military stationed in California may keep their home-state plates under Vehicle Code section 6701, and a Vehicle License Fee exemption is available through REG 5045; the transition on discharge runs through Vehicle Code section 6703. If you are moving on PCS orders, read PCS Orders to California first — the military rules are exemptions from the ordinary clocks, not just different deadlines.

1
Week one after the move: DMV change of address (online or DMV 14); new-state insurance; new-state registration appointment booked.
2
Before the new state’s deadline: license appointment (bring the California license to surrender); registration complete; new plates on the car.
3
Same week: mail back any California renewal notice with the date left + new state; cancel the California policy only after the new registration is in hand; cancel California voter registration; close or update FasTrak.
4
If it applies: REG 138 within 5 days of any sale; PNO (REG 102) before the registration expires for a car staying behind; ADM 399 promptly if the refund window applies.

11. Five Mistakes That Cost Movers Real Money

Every mistake below is printed somewhere on the internet as advice. Each one is wrong, and each one has a specific cost. This section exists so that when a reader meets one of these claims elsewhere, they recognise it.

The wrong adviceWhat is actually trueWhat it costs you
“Cancel your California registration” / “file to cancel”There is no cancellation transaction for moving out. The DMV’s procedure is the address change + mail-back of the renewal notice.Hours chasing a form that does not exist, while the real steps go undone — and the renewal notices keep coming.
“You must return your California license plates”No mandate exists. The DMV’s move-out procedure never asks for plates. The new state usually collects them at registration.A pointless errand — or worse, mailing plates to an address that never asked for them while the record stays open.
“Your new state notifies California automatically”No official source says this. The California record closes when the DMV receives your mail-back.An open California record: renewal notices, penalties, and collections against an address you no longer live at.
“The PNO fee is $15”The DMV’s Appendix 1F lists Planned Nonoperation at $28 (Vehicle Code §4604). One widely-read guide prints $15 — it is wrong.An underpaid filing, a rejected PNO, and penalties on the full renewal amount.
“Arizona gives you 15 (or 30, or 60) days”ADOT: register and get licensed immediately on establishing residency. The 15-day figure is the title-application statute for purchases; 60 days is simply wrong.Driving unregistered in Arizona past the residency trigger — with no grace period to hide behind.
“Cancel the California insurance the day you drive away”The DMV suspends the registration when insurance lapses on a still-registered car. Cancel only after the new-state registration, or file a REG 5090 first.A suspended registration, a reinstatement process, and — in one verified case — a ticket in the new state for driving an unregistered car.
“It’s 10 days for the license and 20 for the car, everywhere”That is California’s arrival rule. Every destination state sets its own pair — Texas 90/30, Florida 30/10, Colorado 30/90 (section 3).Missing the new state’s shorter clock (Florida’s 10-day registration is the trap) while believing you have California’s 20 days.

One more, for the record: the old insurance minimums. Pages about moving still quote 15/30/5 for California. The minimums have been 30/60/15 since SB 1107 took effect on January 1, 2025. Any guide that prints 15/30/5 as current California law is stale, and its other figures deserve the same suspicion.

12. Sources

Every load-bearing fact on this page traces to one of these sources, all read on October 31, 2026 unless noted. Where a deadline belongs to another state, the source is that state’s official DMV page — never a secondary roundup.

  1. California DMV — “Important Vehicle Information” (renewal-notice page: the move-out mail-back procedure, REG 138 5-day rule, PNO note, special-plate retention fee, insurance, collections warning). dmv.ca.gov/portal/important-vehicle-information/
  2. California DMV — Vehicle Industry Registration Procedures Manual §26.045, “Refunds on Unused Vehicles” (Vehicle Code §4604); §3.055, “Planned Non-Operation Certification (PNO — REG 102)”; Appendix 1F, “Fees” (PNO $28). dmv.ca.gov (handbook pages).
  3. California DMV — “Affidavit of Non-Use (REG 5090)” online service page (cancellation on receipt, no reinstatement fee, 3-business-day removal, 45-day rule, NRL shield). qr.dmv.ca.gov.
  4. California DMV — Application for Refund (ADM 399) instructions (what to submit, hard limits, 3-year rule). qr.dmv.ca.gov.
  5. California Legislative Information — Vehicle Code §§12505(c), 12511, 12805(a)(6), 14600(a), 4152.5, 4159, 4604, 5602. leginfo.legislature.ca.gov.
  6. Texas Department of Public Safety / Texas DMV — “Moving to Texas” (90-day license, 30-day registration), corroborated via Bell, Williamson, and Travis County tax offices. dps.texas.gov / txdmv.gov.
  7. Arizona Department of Transportation — “New to AZ” and “Title and Registration Topics” (immediately on residency; out-of-state title/registration surrendered at application). azdot.gov.
  8. Nevada DMV — “Do I Have to Register My Car in Nevada?” (new residents: license and registration within 30 days). dmv.nv.gov.
  9. Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles — “New Resident — Welcome to Florida!” (license within 30 days; Florida insurance + title/register within 10 days). flhsmv.gov.
  10. Oregon DMV — “New to Oregon” (license and title/registration within 30 days; most transfers without testing). oregon.gov.
  11. Washington Department of Licensing — “Moving to Washington” (license and registration within 30 days; license first; hole-punched old license returned). dol.wa.gov; RCW 46.16A.140.
  12. Colorado DMV — “Welcome to Colorado” (license within 30 days; title/register within 90 days; minimums 25/50/15). dmv.colorado.gov.
  13. Idaho Transportation Department — “New to Idaho” (license within 30 days; title/register within 30 days; minimums 25/50/15). itd.idaho.gov.
  14. New York DMV — “Moving to or from New York State” (license within 30 days; surrender of registration and plates required when leaving). dmv.ny.gov.
  15. Internal guides: New Residents, Out-of-State Registration, Change of Address, Registration Renewal, Sell Your Car, Title Transfer, PCS Orders to California, Moving a Leased Car Out of California (publishes today), Check License Status.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I have to notify the California DMV when I move out of state?

Yes. Report your new address within 10 days of moving (Vehicle Code sections 14600 and 4159), online or with form DMV 14. If a California renewal notice arrives after you move, write on it that you are no longer in California, add the date the vehicle left and the new state, and mail it back — the DMV updates your record when it receives the notice. The DMV warns that ignoring a move-out can lead to collection accounts, wage garnishments, or bank levies.

Do I have to return my California license plates when I move?

No. California has no plate-return mandate for moving out — the DMV’s move-out procedure never asks for plates. The new state usually collects your California plates when you register there. Personalized or special-interest plates can be kept for future assignment, but you must keep paying the annual retention fee or the configuration is cancelled and becomes available to others.

Can I get a refund for unused California registration after moving out?

Only in a narrow window. If you paid the renewal and the car left California before the new registration period started, a refund may be considered — file an Application for Refund (ADM 399) with the date the car left, the registration card, and the unused sticker. If the car left during a registration period you already paid for, no refund is due. The DMV decides each request; no refund dollar figure is published anywhere.

Do I have to surrender my California driver’s license when I move?

Not to California, and not before you leave. California allows only one driver’s license (Vehicle Code section 12511), so the new state takes your California card when it issues your new license — Washington, for example, punches a hole in it and hands it back. Keep the California license in hand until that appointment; you need it as identification and as the surrender document.

How long do I have to get a license and register in my new state?

It depends on the state, and the two deadlines are often different numbers: Texas 90 days for a license and 30 for the car; Florida 30 for a license and 10 for the car; Arizona immediately on establishing residency; Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and New York 30 and 30; Colorado 30 for a license and 90 for the car. All nine are verified on each state’s official DMV page. Check your destination state’s official site before you move.

Can I cancel my California car insurance right after I move?

Not until the California record is closed. Cancel the policy while the car is still California-registered and the DMV can suspend the registration — one mover was ticketed in Nevada for exactly that. Register the car in the new state first, then cancel the California policy. For a car staying behind in California, file an Affidavit of Non-Use (REG 5090) or a PNO (REG 102) before cancelling.

What if I sell my car before I move?

File the Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability (REG 138) within 5 days of the sale (Vehicle Code section 5602) — even if the buyer lives out of state. As the seller you also provide the smog certificate (valid 90 days). Standard plates stay with the car; personalized plates stay with you. A missing REG 138 is the DMV’s own stated reason renewal notices keep coming after a sale.

What if the car stays in California but I leave?

Two lawful options: keep it registered and insured in California, or file Planned Non-Operation (REG 102, $28) so it sits unregistered for the year without penalties. PNO can be filed up to 60 days before the registration expires, or up to 90 days after with a penalty — but the car cannot be driven, towed, or parked on a public road while on PNO. Do not just let the registration lapse; penalties accrue on the full renewal amount.

Can I drive my PNO car to my new state?

No. A vehicle on Planned Non-Operation cannot be operated, moved, towed, or parked on any public road. The DMV says to contact it before moving a PNO vehicle, because a moving permit (REG 172, a one-day permit) may be issued for that purpose. Either register the car first, get the moving permit, or ship it.

What happens to my California title when the new state titles the car?

The new state keeps your California title and issues its own — Arizona states this expressly, and the practice is the same everywhere. Your California record closes separately, when the DMV receives your mailed-back renewal notice (or your change of address plus the new-state registration). Do not assume the new state notifies California for you; no official source says it does.

Does my California REAL ID still work after I move?

As identification, yes until it expires — but not as a license, and it does not transfer. The new state issues its own REAL ID or standard license, with its own document check: proof of identity, Social Security number, and two proofs of your new address. Bring the same originals you brought to the California DMV.

I already moved and never told the DMV — what now?

Do it now; late is better than never. File the change of address today, mail back any renewal notice with the date the car left California and the new state written on it, and file a REG 138 immediately if you sold the car. Then check for damage — a suspended registration for lapsed insurance, or a renewal in collections — by calling 1-800-777-0133 or checking the DMV’s online services. A notice sent to your old address counts as sent whether or not you saw it.

Related Guides

Ready to Close Your California Record?

Start with the DMV’s own move-out instructions — the renewal-notice page that carries the mail-back procedure verbatim — then work the checklist in order: address change, new-state registration, mail-back, and insurance last.

DMV move-out instructions on dmv.ca.gov →

Last verified against dmv.ca.gov: October 31, 2026. Requirements change — confirm current rules with the DMV before you move.